Review and Analysis of the U.S. and UK Government Websites

Introduction Since the 1990s, internet has been expanding at a very fast pace and it has had a significant impact on how organizations and governments operate. During the era, the most technological advanced Western countries, such as the U.S. and Britain, have been working side by side to lead the way in establishing e-government.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review and Analysis of the U.S. and UK Government Websites specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More E-government is a worldwide phenomenon to improve service delivery and internal efficiency of governmental organizations. With the application of new internet technologies, the developed countries are now leading the global phenomenon of e-government. Today, government agencies, management consulting firms, and IT companies have been exploring and documenting the best practices for e-government initiatives. It can be seen that the development of e-government has f ollowed the development of e-commerce after being proven that businesses have been stimulated by it. Below, I’m going to provide a broad overview in e-government practices among two different nations, the U.S. and Britain, and show how they have impacted the society as a whole, to individual citizens and organizations. The government websites are very essential in circulating information between various departments within the government. The sites also provide the information to the public. The websites are designed in such a way that the security issues such as web site hacking are greatly minimized. The websites to be reviewed and analyzed are those of the UK government and the ones for the US government. They include the Official Site of the British Prime Minister’s Office, the United States Senate website, the UK Parliament website, USA Government made easy site, and Directgov website. Review of the Websites Even though these websites are intended to serve almost a similar purpose, they contain different information. The websites are supposed to avail essential information not only to the governmental departments, but also to the public, which includes different organizations and the citizens of these countries.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The UK websites, the official site of the British Prime Minister’s Office and the UK Parliament Website, and Directgov offer a variety of information to the users (The official site of the British Prime Minister’s Office, 2012; United States Senate, 2012; UK Parliament Website, n.d.; USA Government Made Easy, n.d.; Directgov., n.d.). The information in the websites include departmental business plans, the government expenditures, the Whitehall officials, the government contracts, meetings within the ministries, and other important government data. They also contain information regarding the bills and legislation. They have a section in which users can register in order to receive the latest news on a regular basis via their email address. The two US government websites mentioned above provide a range of information to the users (United States Senate, 2012; USA Government Made Easy, n.d.). The United States Senate provides information regarding the states in the senate and strategies used to run the House. The USA Government Made Easy website, on the other hand, contains issues such as government jobs, government auctions, unclaimed money, government agencies, grants and other financial assistance programs offered by the US government. Like the UK websites, the US sites also provide the users with chance to register and receive latest updates on a regular basis. The Overall Content of the United States Sites The content for the U.S. government websites are loaded with useful information. There are introductions for every resource that explains everything in detail whic h help users who are not familiar with how the governmental system works. For example, in the House of Representatives website, there are learning tools which aid educators and students to learn about how the house works, how the congress makes laws, and etc. Moreover, in the websites, the public are even able to access a variety of disclosure documents, such as the financial disclosure reports and legal expense fund disclosures. I believe the overall presentation for the U.S. government websites are excellent. They are very user friendly and the information presented is very neat and in a proper manner. The websites are simple too without having too many writings that are scattered all over the web, which often times cause the users to get confused.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review and Analysis of the U.S. and UK Government Websites specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is also very easy to obtain the infor mation that users are trying to obtain without having to click too many times. Moreover, each of the websites has links which enables users to go from one government website to another government website. Overall, the websites are very easy to use and I believe it is due to their simplicity in design. The Overall Content of the Britain Sites The Britain governmental system is different to that of the U.S. in a way that they have different names for each of the executive and legislative branch. For example, in the U.S. the legislative branch is made up of the House and Senate, or also known as the Congress, whereas the Britain, it consists of Parliament. And, the first impression that I get after visiting the Britain government websites are the fact that they are not as user friendly as the U.S. government websites since they don’t have a clear and concise explanation for each of the terms in detail which make users kind of hard to understand what they are really all about. It is also hard to get the data available to the public since the websites do not really name the data properly. Even though they provide the public with quite a bit of information and data, the information presented is not as neat as the U.S. government websites. Therefore, it is kind of hard for users to retrieve the right data. Moreover, the websites seem a little bit too complicated; they simply have too much writings on the websites. It makes users to have difficulty to navigate around the websites easily without having to read all the presented materials. Furthermore, the websites do not provide the links which enable users to move from one government website to the other. Each of the Britain government website mostly focuses only on what they are specialized at. Overall, the Britain government websites are not as user friendly as the U.S. websites because they are simply too complicated and the information presented are not clear. The Impact of the Data contained in the Website s The five websites are freely accessible. They do not require any log-in details before one gets the opportunity to access the information contained in them. Anyone can access the government information in the websites provided he or she opens the right site. This has been done probably to avoid excluding anyone from the information, since the two governments feel that the information is important to every citizen.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The websites have been designed in such a way that they prevent the occurrence of unnecessary issues that normally arise when a user’s details are made public. The sites protect and ensure that the emails provided by the users to enable them to receive the updates, are not accessed by any other user apart from the owner of the details. The websites are also designed in such a way that they contain various links within the site that enable the users to access information related to different fields. For instance, the USA Government Made Easy website has links such as ‘list of government agencies’, ‘government auctions’, and ‘government jobs’ among others. This has the effect of increasing the speed with which a user gets to navigate through the information contained in the links. Both the UK government and U.S. government websites have put in place the relevant measures to help them comply with the legal requirements, hence avoiding cases of litigation. For instance the USA Government made easy website, which offers a diversity visa program, ensures that every citizen is accorded equal and fair chances during the lottery process. There are also measures put in place to ensure that users who practice malicious games such as hacking the government sites are arrested and prosecuted. Impact on Individual Citizens In the past, it used to be hard to get in touch with government agencies, especially with its long hierarchical structure, people must go through all the steps in order for them to be able to reach the right division. Today, with the aid of new technologies, citizens are now able to communicate with government agencies with more ease since e-government is concerned about providing quality public services and value-added information to citizens now. By doing so, the government can make interactions between government agencies and citizens smoother and more efficient, thus the government will be able to build a b etter relationship with the citizens. For instance, the usa.gov website is providing the public with a variety of online services, such as passport application and price comparison services, so that the public can get fast services without having to go through all the troubles. Impact on Organizations Besides facilitating the interaction between government and individual citizens, e-government also focuses on the internal efficiency and effectiveness of operations, resembling enterprise resource planning. This enables the government agencies to work together more efficiently with the organizations, thus they have better coordination and collaboration between each other. Moreover, e-government can make the processes even more efficient by having to provide a one stop service to businesses/organizations as well. By making the processes simpler, it indirectly helps the organizations to be more productive because less time is needed to do more of something, so that the time saved can be used to serve better purpose for the organizations. Conclusion In conclusion, I have provided a broad overview of the current practices of leading e-government countries, and explained how they have impacted the society as a whole. E-government has been established in the first place in order to deliver services, engage citizens, and improve performance. A seamless integration, quality information, and good administrative processes are needed for effective e-government programs. Even though so, some e-governments are still lacking the required resources and infrastructure for its successful transformation. Many governments are still trying their best to integrate e-government programs in their processes, and I believe e-government should be implemented on every country since it provides services to the citizens and enhances the efficiency of government operations. References Directgov. (2012). Public services all in one place. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/ The Official Site of the British Prime Minister’s Office. (2012). Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/prime-ministers-office-10-downing-street UK Parliament Website. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.parliament.uk/ United States Senate. (2012). Retrieved from https://www.senate.gov/ USA Government Made Easy. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.usa.gov/ This essay on Review and Analysis of the U.S. and UK Government Websites was written and submitted by user Angelica Pennington to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Ultimate Study Guide for ACT English Tips, Rules, Practice, and Strategies

The Ultimate Study Guide for ACT English Tips, Rules, Practice, and Strategies SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips This guide collects the best ACT English prep material on the internet. We've created everything here from scratch, and we think it's the best guide available anywhere. In writing it, we pored over real ACTs, consulted the best existing books, and thought deeply about what you'll need to excel on ACT English. Our subject guides closely reflect what you’ll see on the actual test and our strategies have all been used successfully by our past students. We’ve covered everything you need to know about ACT English. This post is a table of contents, designed to lead you through the different articles you’ll want to study in a logical order and explain how to get the most out of them. It starts with the big-picture, high-level ideas that will get you thinking about the best way to approach ACT English. Then it moves on to our coverage of the skills and concepts you’ll see on the test.The last section includes a variety of ACT English tips and strategies that can help you create a study plan and learn to attack the test in the most efficient way. Whether you’re looking for a complete study guide or just some additional help in a few areas, this guide can help. If you plan to use this information as your main source for ACT English prep, simply read through the pages below more or less in order- this approach will walk you through every step of studying for ACT English. If, on the other hand, you’re just looking for some further depth on a few topics or some helpful tips for the section as whole, scroll through this post and follow any links that look interesting. We recommend the first option, but it’s up to you! A quick note: If you aren’t familiar with ACT English yet, it’ll be helpful to look at an example test before reading this guide. You can download an official test here (the ACT English section starts on page 12). High-Level ACT English Guidance A big mistake many students make is assuming that because they take tests in school all the time, they know exactly what to expect from the ACT.This test has its own special quirks, however, and learning how to navigate the ACT'sunique structure and style is a key part of preparing for it and the English section specifically. What’s Actually Tested on the ACT English Section? The first step to tackling the ACT English section is to know what’s on it. This guide will help you understand how the ACT English is structured and what concepts it tests so that you can begin planning your prep. 5 Critical Concepts You Must Understand to Ace ACT English The ACT English section has certain quirks that set it apart from a grammar test you might see in English class. In this article, you’ll read about the key big-picture concepts you need to understand in order to excel on this section of the test. The Best Way to Approach ACT English Passages It’s easy to ignore the passage format of ACT English, but doing so puts you at a real disadvantage. This post will help you understand why it’s important to have strategy for how to attack the ACT English passages and determine the best way for you to approach them. How Often Is NO CHANGE the Right Answer on ACT English? One of the most common mistakes students make on ACT English is assuming that there must be an error in every question. NO CHANGE is actually the answer more than 25% of the time it’s an option. The Complete Guide to ACT Grammar Rules The 14 ACT Grammar Rules You Must Know The first article outlinesall the concepts covered byACT English, from punctuation to grammar, and the second one goes over the most important grammar rules that appear on the ACT.Use both articles to quickly review the rules and determine what you need to study further. ACT English Skills A key part of preparing for ACT English is learning rules covered by the test. I've listed ourguides to all the major concepts below, split into Grammar and Usage and Rhetorical Skills, and organized roughly in order of importance (from the most commonly tested rules to the least commonly tested ones). Grammar and Usage Parts of Speech The ACT English section doesn’t directly test parts of speech, but this guide outlines all the basics you need to know in order to understand the more complex topics. Run-on Sentences and Fragments Questions about sentence structure and correctly connecting independent clauses are the most common type on ACT English. Make sure you understand how to spot and fix run-ons and fragments. Commas On ACT English, commas are the single greatest source of confusion for most students. It's the most often tested punctuation mark on ACT English and appears very frequently. It’s vital to understand when you really need them so you can avoid overusing this tricky punctuation mark. Other Punctuation The other forms of punctuation you'll see tested on ACT English are semicolons, colons, dashes, and apostrophes. This guide covers them all! Subject-Verb Agreement Verb errors are another major topic for ACT English questions. Make sure you understand how to spot even the most well hidden agreement errors. For example, while the sentence, "Each of the siblings have their own rooms" might sound OK, the singular subject "each" actually requires the singular verb "has." Verb Tenses and Forms Issues with verb forms are a lot more common than you might think. For ACT English, you'll need to be especially familiar with problems such as inconsistent tense usage, confusion of would and will, and gerund errors. Pronoun Agreement The final major category of grammar issues is pronoun errors. Pronoun agreement, especially plural versus singular pronouns (e.g., it/he/she vs they), trips up a lot of students on the ACT. Pronoun Case You’ll see questions about pronoun case (e.g., me vs I) less often, but it’s still important to know what it is and how it’s tested. (Hint: the hard pronoun case questions usually involve compound objects.) Idioms Idiom errors, which deal with the correct usage of prepositions and conjunctions (e.g., "talk to" vs "talk at"), are one of the most confusing topics on ACT English because they don’t follow any general rules. Make sure you know when to trust your instincts about which answer sounds right. Faulty Modifiers Both misplaced and dangling modifiers appear on the ACT English section. These errors, which involve descriptors that are separated from the nouns they're describing, usually aren’t obvious, so it’s important that you know how to spot them. Parallel Structure Items in lists and comparisons need to be in the same form- that’s the basic rule of parallelism. This guide will help you understand exactly where parallelism errors appear on ACT English and how to fix them. Relative Pronouns Relative pronouns are words, such as "who," "when," and "which," that introduce additional information. Common errors with relative pronouns are creating a fragment and using the wrong pronoun for what it’s describing. Adjectives vs Adverbs Adjective and adverb issues are relatively rare, but when they do appear on ACT English, they usually involve an adjective being used in place of an adverb (e.g., "He ran quick" instead of "He ran quickly"). You might also see questions about superlatives (most) versus comparatives (more). Rhetorical Skills Transitions Transitions are the most common type of rhetorical skills question on the ACT. These questions can be confusing, but learning a few simple tricks will make themmuch easier. Wordiness and Redundancy Another common rhetorical skills topic, redundancy is confusing because it’s not necessarily something that would be considered wrong when you’re talking or writing normally. Make sure you know what counts as redundancy on ACT English. Add/Delete Add/Delete questions, which ask whether a sentence or phrase should be included or removed from the passage, are some of the most common and challenging rhetorical skills questions on ACT English. You need to know how to approach them systematically to succeed on the ACT. Author Technique/Intent The key to author intent questions, which ask about how best to achieve a certain effect, is reading them closely and understanding what they’re asking. This guide breaks down techniques for doing so effectively. Macro Logic and Organization Macro-logic is just a fancy term forquestions that ask you where a sentence or paragraph should go. These questions tend to seem more complicated than they really are- make sure to use the process of elimination to narrow down answers. Author Main Idea Main goalquestions, which ask about what the author's overall purpose is, are kind of weird because they seem to belong more on the reading section than the English one. Nonetheless, there’s usually one or two on each test, so it’s important to know how to answer them. Relevance Like redundancy, relevance is tricky because it’s likely to be a concept you haven’t encountered in this form before. Relevance questions ask you to determine whether a piece ofinformation is necessary in context. Word Choice/Diction Like idiom questions, word choice questions are tricky because they’re hard to predict and require you to have a deep knowledge of common English usage. Unlike idiom questions, however, they aren’t that common. Formality Questions that deal with formality are relatively rare- you might or might not see one on test day- so this topic should be one of the lowest priorities for your ACT English prep. ACT English Tips and Strategies This section collects a range of posts on study strategies, test-day tips, and other helpful info for your ACT English prep. You can find everything you need to know about how to build an ACT English study plan and also get helpful tricks for the test and materials for further study. The 8 Most Common Mistakes You Make on ACT English Because ACT English tests such a limited set of topics, most students miss multiple questions on just a few ideas. If you avoid making these eight common mistakes, you can raise your score by 1-2 points. Full Analysis of ACT Grammar Rules: Which Are Most Important? This article breaks down the frequency with which different types of questions appear on ACT English. Use this guide to help prioritize your studying. ACT English Prep: The Best Methods and Strategies Make sure you know the best approach for ACT English practice and prep so you can make the most progress with the least amount of work! (You’ll still have to do a lot of work, though.) The Best Sources for ACT English Practice Don’t waste your time with bad practice tests. This guide will tell you where to find the best ACT English practice tests- and a lot of them are free! The Top 9 ACT English Strategies You Must Use This post outlines the key strategies that you need to implement in your ACT English prep. The 8 ACT English Tips You Must Use in Your Prep Using these eight ACT English tips can boost your score even if the test is tomorrow, but they’ll be a lot more effective if you incorporate them into your ACT study routine. The 18 Hardest ACT English Questions Ever This guide introduces some of the hardest ACT English questions in existence and offers tips for approaching and solving them. Use these if you're aiming for a top score! How to Get 36 on ACT English: 10 Strategies From a Perfect Scorer If you’re aiming for an especially high score on ACT English, check out this guide to getting a perfect score(from someone who actually did so!). Even if you have more modest aims, this post provides some helpful tips on how to approach the test. The Top Prep Books for ACT English If you’re looking to supplement your online study with some old-fashioned paper books, these are the ones you should use for your ACT English prep. The Best ACT Vocabulary Lists on the Web ACT Vocabulary | Words You Must Know ACT English doesn’t test vocabulary that much (see the diction post above for more info), but if you’re concerned about not knowing key words, take a look at these posts, which round up the best online sources for ACT vocab and identify which words you really need toknow. Conclusion: How to Use This Ultimate ACT English Guide Having read most (hopefully all!) of these ACT English guides, youprobably know what I'm going to say you need to do next: practice with actual ACT test questions! You can only improve so much by reading about the test- you have to try out the strategies and tips for yourself.Use full-length ACT practice tests to determine whether you're on track to hitting your target score. When doing so, make sure you also know the best way to review missed questions, since you can't improve unless you learn from your mistakes.In addition, I recommend looking over questions you guessed on and got right so you can ensure you know how to get the correct answer. Overall, remember to balance your ACT prep by coming up with a foolproof study plan. And know that, with a little hard work,you can get a great score on ACT English! What's Next? Looking for help with other sections of the ACT?Don't forget to take a look at our expert guides to ACT Math,Reading,Science, andWriting. There's alsoan ultimate guide to the entire ACT! Not sure what ACT score you should be aiming for?Get help setting a personalized goal score with our guide to what good, bad, and excellent ACT scores look like. This guide has everything you'll need to build an effective ACT English prep program, but if you're feeling overwhelmed by the idea of doing it all by yourself,consider giving our online prep program a try.Built by Harvard grads and ACT full scorers, the PrepScholar ACT program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, and then customizes the program to your needs to give youthe most effective prep possible. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by ACT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today:

Leadership term paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Leadership term paper - Essay Example So good leadership is basically related to person’s abilities, skills and degree of influence. Good leaders have the capacity to inspire and motivate others to achieve goals. Moreover, good leadership involves managing relationship and communicating within an organization towards a specific targets. Christian churches and organizations are different from other institutions in many ways. Their structures, size and services are determined by internal and external forces such as location, services and personalities. An effective Christian pastor combines different character traits and skills while administering his pastoral responsibilities. Most of the Christian pastors feel that god has given them a unique calling for their life, and they have spiritual gifts of teaching. Generally, the three leadership models used by pastors are coach/ team, shepherd/sheep, shared leadership. So Shepherding and bridge building are their leadership styles of the most of the Christian leaders. Some other styles of Christian leadership are directional, team building, and visionary styles. As a leadership style, entrepreneurial style was the least likely style Christian pastors have. Rearranging, strategizing, visionary and management are some of the very rarely used leadership styles by the Christ ian pastors. An active leader makes things occur, Ministers through formal programmed talks, ministries through words and actions, performs tasks personally and makes decisions unilaterally and individually. On the other hand, a passive leader allots tasks to others, engages and takes part in collective decision making, ministers through personal presence and compassion, preachers via Holy Spirit. Generally, it is very difficult to describe a Christian pastor as an active leader or passive leader because traits of both types of leadership are found in people. In other words, there is no totally passive or active leader, only varying blends of both character traits. The

Consumer Buying Behavior Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Consumer Buying Behavior - Assignment Example This involves a detailed study of how buyers think and behave during purchase situations, and what factors may influence their tastes and preference towards certain brands. Consumer buying behaviour is, therefore, the study of the ways of buying and disposing of goods, services, ideas or experiences by individuals, groups, and organizations in order to satisfy their needs and wants (Kotler & Hibbard, 2014). Alternatively, consumer buying behaviour â€Å"refers to the buying behaviour of final consumers, both individuals and households, who buy goods and services for personal consumption† (Hibbard, 2014,). This occurs when the consumer is immensely involved in the purchase process, and there are notable contrasts amongst the brands to acquire. This implies that the consumer has to conduct research about the product/service and the marketers must, therefore, supply all-inclusive information with regards to product/service characteristics. A medical example, in this case, is when a hospital wants to acquire medical equipment such as x-ray machines for the hospital. The hospital’s procurement officer (consumer) is highly involved because of th e significant financial involvement (high risk) in the acquisition, and the unfamiliarity with the commodity. There are many brands according to manufacturers (about 75 suppliers) and they are used for different purposes. This compounded with the fact that they have different price tags makes the consumer very sceptical. He must, therefore, conduct thorough research to eliminate brands that do not suit the hospital’s need requirements and fit his budget plan respectively. Here, consumer participation, while acquiring the product/service, is low, and there are noteworthy contrasts between the brands. The consumers attempt to find variations in products or services. Thus, the marketers must rally the market to buy their commodities through means such as promotions, publicity and advertising. A medical example, in this case, includes medical cosmetics for products like toothpaste.

The impact of education on someone who is disadvantaged Essay

The impact of education on someone who is disadvantaged - Essay Example For the poor children, their parents do not have such information or knowledge. In the essay by Welty, she describes the influence her first grade teacher, Miss Duling, had on her life. Although her parents were uneducated, school helped her gain what her parents did not provide. Duling was the kind of teacher that demanded perfection. She describes her as a figure of authority. These are the skills Miss Duling and the other teachers passed to her students. People from poor backgrounds might not have access to such knowledge. However, education, especially their interactions with the teachers, gives them the vita skills that prepare them for a better life. She notes that they learned â€Å"grammar, arithmetic, spelling, reading, writing, geography, physical training, and singing† (Welty, 414). As Welty notes in the essay, Miss Duling had ‘stridden into a larger part of my work than I’d realized until now’ (Welty, 414). Similarly, in the TED talk by Dr. Cana da, he points out that the children of the wealthy have an advantage because their parents know many things. The poor people do not know. Education is the only channel through which the poor can be helped. Poor people do not operate on the same level as the rich. While the rich might be able to enjoy certain privileges, the poor cannot afford these. Through education however, people from poor backgrounds are able to access the same opportunities as the rich. In the video by Dr. Canada for instance, he argues that while the rich will take their children to pre-kindergarten and access the benefits that come with it, the poor do have the chance. Through education however, the poor and the wealthy are equalized. In the essay by Welty, the idea of equality is also brought out. For instance, when the new governor sent her daughter to Davis School, Miss Duling telephoned her and told her that she will simply ‘be plain Rachel here’ (Welty, 414). Although she was from a wealthy

Training And Development At Emirates Airlines Management Essay

Training And Development At Emirates Airlines Management Essay People are the heart and soul of any organization, therefore recruiting, training, as well as retaining high caliber of staff is one of the core values of any organization. As a result of the recognition of the importance of self-development and the increased knowledge and skills, the human resource department of Emirates Airlines has ventured into operating a high caliber of training programs (Graham, 2010). These programs are made accessible to all staff across the entire group. Training can be facilitated through a variety of methods. Some of the methods used in the facilitation of these programs include classroom based programs, e-learning, practical assessment, simulation, project bases trainings or a blend of either or more of these programs. For instance, Emirates Airlines has a network of learning resource centers within its headquarters in Dubai making it possible to have a learning environment for individual or group based training (Graham, 2010). In addition, Emirates learning portal is My Learning Zone. This is aimed at providing a one stop location for accessing, training and development information. It also provides online training for all her employees. The development of staff through training is basically motivated by the annual professional development courses in key areas or departments that need training and development (Graham, 2010). Training can also be carried out through seminars and conferences. This is aimed at keeping skills updated and to help employees remain abreast of the industry development. While most organization invests in training of their employees with an aim of building their moral, and motivates them, Emirates Airlines offers her employees an opportunity to develop their skills. The aim of this is to develop their confidence and improve their independence when they leave the organization (Graham, 2010). For instance, Emirates Airlines have developed an ICDL programme for their air cabin crew in order to empower them with the essential skills and widen their scope and competence in their specific job prospects. Introduction of Emirate Airline Emirate Airlines was founded in the year 1985 with the support of the Sheikh of the United Arab Emirates. The Dubai government in agreement with the Pakistan International Airlines helped in the formation of the airline (Graham, 2010). The initial destinations included Bombay, Delhi in India and Karachi. Currently, Emirates offers a number of scheduled, international, regional and domestic destinations. This ranges to a total of about 75 destinations in over 53 countries. Emirates Airline is part of the Emirates group. The group consists of various entities such as the airlines division, aircraft maintenance division as well as the cargo division. Other divisions include the hospitality division, an aviation college as well as transguard division. The aviation college was instituted to offer training and development of staff and partner organizations in the group (Graham, 2010). In addition, Emirates Airlines in one of the few airlines that hardly felt the harsh economic and aviation downtime in the past few years. This is as a result of the great marketing trends aimed at promoting Dubai as a world class tourism destination with tax-free shopping. In addition, Emirates Airlines also strives in promoting its hub in Dubai (Graham, 2010). This is because Dubai is believed to be the best geographically positioned city in connecting Asia and Europe. Since Dubai is known for its trade, Emirates Airlines operates large cargo aircrafts because of the large tourists number. This explains why Emirates Airlines is in a position to accommodate expanding international and regional market cargo demands. The main goal of Emirates Airlines is to keep expanding and this is the very reason why their market keeps expanding. Emirates Airlines was ranked the largest airlines carrier in the Middle East and among the ten largest in the world. This research was based on the international passenger traffic. Emirates Airlines is a fast growing international airline in possession of some of the youngest fleets of aircrafts and closely above 400 awards of excellence internationally (Graham, 2010). Emirates Organizational Chart Cargo Vice Chairman CEO CHAIRMAN Sales Emirates Airline Engineering Operations Service Dnata Facilities HR Dnata Service Departments HR chart of Emirates Airline Questionnaire on Training and Development in Emirates Airlines Qn. 1. Is there need for Proper Human Resource Management in Training and Development? The human resources department of Emirates Airlines takes the responsibility of ensuring employees satisfaction and efficiency at work. At Emirates, this department ensures that it helps the employees and organization at large to meet its objectives as well as strategic goals through proper management of her employees and their maintenance. For training and development to be achieved successfully, Emirates Airlines through its human resources department ensures that both political and legal factors are favorable for employee development (Graham, 2010). In this case, Emirates enjoys a competitive advantage since it is government owned. In addition, the government support economically makes the airline competitively effect training and development of her employees. Depending on the economic condition of the state, the human resources department can effectively decide on how to invest in training and development of the employees (Graham, 2010). In addition, the responsibility of the hum an resources department is to ensure that the socio-cultural factors surrounding the organization are conducive for training and development. Qn. 2. What is Emirates Airlines position in Training and Orientation? Emirates cabin crews are among the best in the world. According to the Emirates yearly report, the cabin crews are recruited all over the world and trained on one particular platform. Since the cabin crews are in constant interaction with the companys clients, the organization spends over six percent of its annual revenue in training and development of these staff. Emirates position is that better services can only be achieved through competitive skills. This is in line with their philosophy of continuous customer satisfaction (Graham, 2010). This is also as opposed to other airlines that spend three to four percent of their revenues in training and development. Emirates Airlines considers employee training and development as a very critical process for the organization. In addition, training is important because it puts emphasis on the skills an employee attains in improving the services offered in their immediate job. Furthermore, Emirates Airlines position on training is that the end result are big payoffs for the employees who are guaranteed improved productivity and competence should the employees get the right training at the right time. At Emirates, there is a systematic approach to training that is specifically built for employees (Graham, 2010). The training activities are further broken down to ensure that the needs of each employee are met. The most economical approach is chosen and the organization ensures that it is one that allows employees to also share their opinions and exchange their ideas with one another thus enhances individual knowledge. Qn. 3. How does Emirates Airlines undertake Career Planning Development? Initially, most people in employment would not have any reason to shift jobs or careers. Currently, times have changed and careers have become boundary less. These are careers that are not bound to any specific organization and expand through project based competency within a specific industry. As a result of this, Emirates Airlines have ensured they modernize the socio-cultural environment for its employees and increase the competitive forces revolving around their careers. In addition, Emirates embarks in restructuring the organization in order to ensure that employees careers are properly developed. For instance, at Emirates Airlines, candidates with previous knowledge in customer care service are highly appreciated (Graham, 2010). This implies that an employee working in a customer care organization is very relevant in Emirates Airlines. This is a way through which Emirates ensures that career planning and development is effectively carried out (Graham, 2010). Emirates Airlines uses HR planning and career planning in ensuring that the right candidates are selected and maintained. This simply implies taking the right person for the right job within the organization. According to information from Emirates database, this process entails staff retention, training and analysis of the staffs skills. Particularly, emirates need employees that are extroverts (Graham, 2010). The reason for this is to have employees that are ready to face new challenges. In order to undertake proper career development, employees here are trained to work in groups with colleagues from different cultural backgrounds. The human resources department accounts for this in order to effectively plan the process of fitting the right employees to the job in the entire organization. Again, Emirates Airlines ensures that her employees are served with their rights and remain responsible with these rights. With continued career development and training, the HR department gives employees the responsibility of ensuring that they remain up to date with relevant skills. For instance, Emirates ensures that all its employees posses at least a high school degree, and that all crew members are properly groomed at all times (Graham, 2010). Career plateauing is a critical stage in an employees career life and it is achieved when the chances for development are at minimal. Qn. 4. What are the Career Development Opportunities within Emirates Airlines? Within Emirates Airlines, internal applications are considered first before the external ones for any vacant position. These vacancies are first advertised internally before they are advertised externally. This is a method used by Emirates Airlines in ensuring competence and professionalism in the entire organization. As a result, employees get the opportunity to develop their careers internally. Again, there are specific conditions that any applicant must meet for him or her to qualify for the job (Graham, 2010). These conditions make the employee develop high levels of competence, improved skills and efficiency. They include an employee finishing at least a year in the current position or department. The reason for this is because the employee can be appraised from his current performance. In addition, the employee must meet all the minimum qualifications for the job and win the line managers approval for the job. Qn. 5 How does training help in developing people and Capabilities at Emirates Airlines Emirates Airlines is committed to facing challenges that most organizations may want to avoid. For instance, the challenge of developing greater confidence, initiative, solution finding as well as problem solving initiatives among her employees are some of the challenges Emirates has committed to. Emirates therefore commits to ensuring that its staff are at all times self-sufficient, resourceful and at the same time creative and autonomous (Graham, 2010). This initiative in turn helps employees engage in high level of productivity and competence. In addition, Emirates Airlines commits to development of employees by empowering their conventional skills (Graham, 2010). This program ensures employees are equipped with adequate techniques and methods. Furthermore, the human resources department ensures that staff maturity, belief and courage are also developed. As a result, this program ensures that managerial and strategic capabilities are also developed. Again, training and development ensures that the focus is in the individual and not the skill. Qn. 6. How does Emirates Airlines design self-study training and learning programmes? Emirates Airlines applies the same principles in application of self-study programs just like other methods of training. The internet has been used by the HR of Emirates Airlines to enable self-study learning and development programs to be more useful, empowering and cost effective than it was before (Graham, 2010). For this program to be successful, the HR department expects all employees to be creative and innovative. They encourage employees to engage the web for ideas and self study as well as self development resources. They also get information regarding group management and technology advancement. Qn. 7. How is mentoring linked to projects and objectives activities in this organization? One of the most productive and effective modern methods of training and development in various organizations, particularly for staff or departments and teams is linking mentoring and projects. This approach builds on management by objectives principles which are more participative, voluntary and inclusive (Graham, 2010). Mentoring is a facilitative approach that broadly features on strategic assessment of the organization and individual department priorities combined with high yield training needs. In addition, mentoring ensures that targeted staffs have interpreted discussion with line-managers of training delegates as well as strategic managers of the organization (Graham, 2010). Again, mentoring brings to picture pre-training skills/behavioral needs-analysis-all training delegates. Qn. 8. What are some of the Mentoring Principles and Techniques? The main role of mentors in training and development is to help mentees find the right answers for themselves. The principle for mentorship is said to be effective when the mentor helps mentees gain the experience of learning. The principle implies that the mentor focuses on mentoring efforts and expectations on helping and guiding the mentored to develop solutions and find answers for themselves. Most of the principles of mentoring are common to those of proper coaching, which are specifically prominent within line training. Qn. 9. What are some of the achievements resulting from training and development? Employers and managers have the responsibility of ensuring that training and development of staff is successful. Receiving recognition is a powerful tool in stimulating employees for further training and self development. The management therefore commits to recognizing employees achievements in helping to motivate them and have them implement the acquired skills. Qn. 10.What are some general training tips The tips must always apply to the traditional work related training. The tips never apply automatically to other forms of personal development and facilitation of learning process. Some of the tips to be considered in planning for training include assessing the objective of training and have them always in mind (Graham, 2010). In addition, the number of people to be trained is a factor to consider as well as the methods and format to be used in training. The length of the training and its venue is also a factor to be considered. Some other factors include the effectiveness of the training and how the reaction of the reaction of the trainee will be measured. A chart on Training and Development Observation and Analysis of the Information From the given information resulting from the questionnaire, it emerges that Emirates Airlines is among the leading organizations in the aviation industry in undertaking employee development. Emirates Airlines follow strategies and policies that are result oriented. The Human Resources department of this organization works towards the integration of the goals and visions into fruitful strategies (Graham, 2010). In addition to this, the line departments in conjunction with the HR have put in place facilities that effect internal growth and employees. This is achieved through the implementation of various up-to-date training programmes. Furthermore, Emirates Airlines take career planning very seriously and ensures that all her employees are suitable for every vacancy or positions within the organization (Graham, 2010). Emirates Airlines main goal is attaining the highest quality staff in the aviation industry. The government of Dubai plays a critical role in empowering the management of Emirates Airlines by providing suitable environment and resources for training and development. This comes in line with the massive investment the government has made in the company as an independent entity. Through training, Emirates strives to offer the best services globally to their customers and expand their business ventures (Graham, 2010). Training and development of employees has made Emirate Airlines an award winner in international cargo handling division, and its destination and leisure division being among the best. Training and development is also put in place so as to ensure that the airline maintains its reputation for excellence during its periods of rapid growth (Graham, 2010). Suggestions Making an organization successful in any specific setting needs crucial and detailed studies as well as investigation of the specific aspects that will serve the organization with the best results. Emirates Airlines has to ensure they look out with their rival companies as well as their overall status on strategies and events both internally and externally. This will help the organization know how it will sustain the comparative advantage it has on employee training and development at the moment. Furthermore, this strategy helps the organization analyze their strength in terms of employee empowerment, maximizing on their strength and eliminating their weaknesses. In addition, Emirates should use the reputation it has in the aviation industry to champion innovation and employee excellence through improved training. In addition to training, the company has the sole responsibility of ensuring that clients are provided with sage, dependable and most of friendly transportation tagged with other valued industrial services. Training should also be aimed at making services offered by the employees memorable to clients. Again, training should be customer oriented in a way that safety, convenience and customer comfort are taken into consideration. Finally, success is also attached to proper leadership. Emirates Airlines success should be attributed to generic strategies which one of them should include focus on leadership.

The Boy Next Door and the Psycho Killer: Producing Society’s Extremes E

The Boy Next Door and the Psycho Killer: Producing Society’s Extremes Two boys walk down the corridor of a friendly, residential, public high school. As they approach, the crowd slowly parts as its bystanders just stare at the boys. The boys walk with a certain aire about them, as their trench coats swing from side to side and their gloomy faces meet the eyes of the rest of the students. They are pointed at and called names such as fag or freak-- for they are members of the infamous trench coat mafia. These two boys can also be described as the murderers in the Columbine High School shootings. Somewhere across the country in another friendly, residential, public high school, a good looking boy of the same age walks down a similar hallway, and has a similar effect on the crowd. Instead of being laughed at or called a fag, this captain of the football team, Corey Johnson, gets a few " good job at the game yesterday" or hellos from people that have only heard of him and wished to actually know him personally, for he is notorious for being "cool". Rather t han being called a fag as walks down the hallway no one even suspects or even contemplates the fact that he is a homosexual. These individuals are alike in various aspects; age, sex, surroundings, and others, but yet have managed to be labeled and categorized so differently and so harshly. So what are the social conditions that have allowed such opposing figures to take shape in our culture? What is it that forces youth to be successful at being normal or unsuccessful and weird? The answer is the confining and forceful methods that our society has used to produce its norms. These two particular cases are just representations of many types of kids who are forced into two very dist... ...nes, ads, schools—the devastating effect is one that is constantly making deviants the outcast. These outcasts take on labels that usually have a negative connotation of a freak. Should these deviant groups stride to fit this "normal" expectation and assimilate into a culture that has rejected them or rather try to gain strength to add to their uniqueness? Each individual has a role on how he is perceived. This "role" is not control but rather a path that can be taken to control their position according to the norm. It is debatable if Corey Johnson’s face to the nation as an icon was an action to make the gay race seem more normal, or to show that there are exceptions to the rule within the gay name. No matter the standpoint or path a group in society chooses take, there will always be one outstanding central ground: With your norm, you’ve always got your deviant.

Cub Foods Essay

In general it is characterized with low prices, tables of samples and high discounts. While the following marketing tactics were used by Cub Foods to increase probability of purchases: 1. Promotional – Price Deals: At the entry aisle, called a â€Å"power alley† is lined 2 stories high with specials, such as coffee bean $2 and half priced apple juice. 2. Physical evidence effect on cognitive: Ceiling joists and girders are exposed giving the feeling of spaciousness up there, it suggests there’s massive buying going on, translates in a shoppers mind that there’s tremendous savings going on. 3. Purchase Quantity: The shopping carts are wider than usual to encourage expansive buying, and that fit through the wide aisles to easily reach high profit impulse foods. 4. Purchase Location: Another tactic, that deli comes before fresh meat because Cub wants shopper to do the impulse buying before their budgets are depleted on essentials. 5. Packaged clean grocery was of low prices (by controlling the cost and high volume sales) and exceptionally high quality for products and meats. 6. Maps to guide shoppers, even without maps they would be lead by the arrangement of aisles. What accounts for Cub’s success in generating such large sales per customer and per store? 1. They properly identify their segment of customers and focus on its segment which is a family of 4-5 individuals with adult ages 24 – 40 years. 2. Proper positioning as low cost leadership, vast selection & good quality. The customers can found everything they need under one roof and cheaper than its competitors. 3. Their customers buy in volume and spend 4 times the supermarket average per shopping trip. 4. Relies on the word of mouth cuts on ad budgets by 25% less than other chains. 5. Pricing: 6 points less than most conventional stores. Given Cub’s lower prices, quality merchandise, excellent location and superior assortment, offer reasons why many consumers in its trading areas refuse to shop there. 1. The overwhelming displays could be confusing for some customers. 2. The misconception of low prices reflecting lower quality. 3. Could be of different targeted segment i.e. single that do not need volume purchases

Capital Punishment Essays (2840 words) - Sentencing, Free Essays

Capital Punishment Essays (2840 words) - Sentencing, Free Essays Capital Punishment Putting to death people who have been judge to commit certain extremely heinous crimes is a practice of ancient standing. But in the United States, in the latter half of the twentieth century, it has become a very controversial issue. Changing views on this difficult issue led the Supreme Court to abolish capital punishment in 1972 but later turned to uphold it again in 1977, with certain conditions. Indeed, restoring capital punishment is the will of the people, yet many voices have been raised against it. Heated public debate has centered on questions of deterrence, public safety, sentencing equality, and the execution of innocents, among others. One argument states that the death penalty does not deter murder. Dismissing capital punishment on that basis would require us to eliminate all prisons as well because they do not seem to be any more effective in the deterrence of crime. Others say that states, which have the death penalty, have higher crime rates than those that do not. A nd that a more sever punishment only inspires more sever crimes. But every state in the union is different. These differences include population, the number of cities, and the crime rate. Urbanized states are more likely to have higher crime rates than states that are more rural. The states that have capital punishment have it because of their high crime rate, not the other way around. In 1985, a study was published by economist Stephen K. Layson, at the University of North Carolina, that showed that every execution of a murderer deters, on average of 18 murders. The study also showed that raising the number of death sentences by only one percent would prevent 105 murders. However, only 38 percent of all murder cases result in a death sentence, and of those, only 0.1 percent are actually executed. During the temporary suspension on capital punishment from 1972 - 1976, researchers gathered murder statistics across the country. Researcher Karl Spence of Texas A&M University came up wi th these statistics, in 1960, there were 56 executions in the United States and 9,140 murders. By 1964, when there were only 15 executions, the number of murders had risen to 9,250. In 1969, there were no executions and 14,590 murders, and 1975, after six years without executions, 20,510 murders occurred. So the number of murders grew as the number of executions shrank. Spence said: While some [death penalty] abolitionists try to face down the results of their disastrous experiment and still argue to the contrary, the...[data] concludes that a substantial deterrent effect has been observed...In six months, more Americans are murdered than have been killed by execution in this entire century...Until we begin to fight crime in earnest [by using the death penalty], every person who dies at a criminal's hands is a victim of our inaction. And in Texas, the highest murder rate in Houston (Harris County) occurred in 1981 with 701 murders. Since Texas reinstated the death penalty in 1982, H arris County has executed more murderers than any other city or state in the union and has seen the greatest reduction in murder from 701 in 1981 down to 261 in 1996 - a 63% reduction, representing a 270% differential. Also, in the 1920s and 30s, death penalty advocates were known to refer to England as a means of proving capital punishment's deterrent effect. Back then, at least 120 murderers were executed every year in the United States and sometimes the number reached 200. Even then, England used the death penalty far more consistently than we did and their overall murder rate was smaller than any one of our major cities at the time. Now, since England abolished capital punishment about released killers have murdered thirty years ago, the murder rate has subsequently doubled there and 75 English citizens. Abolitionists will claim that most studies show that the death penalty has no effect on the murder rate at all. But that's only because those studies have been focused on incons istent executions. Capital punishment, like all other applications, must be used consistently in the United States for decades, so abolitionists have been able to establish the delusion that it does not deter at all to rationalize their fallacious

Woodstock Festival Essay examples

Woodstock Festival Essay examples Woodstock Festival Essay examples Kim Novick MUS-150-SL History of Rock ‘n Roll May 12, 2015 Three Days of Music, Peace and Love In 1969 the most memorable music festival and art fair in America happened on August 15 thru August 18. This three day long gathering was called Woodstock Art and Music Festival. This event was not just about the music, it was an event that changed America. In the early 60’s the United States was in turmoil over the Vietnam War, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Civil Right Movement. There was also assassinations of four influential men such as Robert Kennedy, J. F. Kennedy, Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King. Sick of the violence and millions of deaths, many young men and women of their late teens to mid-twenties took their stand by rallies, protests, and attending concerts. It appeared to this young generation that the world their parents had made for them was a world full of hate and war and they wanted to distance themselves from it, creating a hippie counterculture. Calling themselves hippies because to be hip was one who is aware. They believed that they were fully aware of what they wanted, what they believed in and how they perceived the world. They wanted egalitarianism between races, peace among men and its country, and they wanted to be heard without being persecuted by the â€Å"The Establishment† which was any sort of government institution that ordered them to fight for a war they did not believe in. In 1964 the draft began for the Vietnam War. The youngest age for the draft was eighteen. It bewilder these young people that at the age of eighteen they were old enough to die for their country, but could not vote until the age twenty-one. This led to many antiwar protest. These rebellious hippies turned to music and drugs. Their choice of music was folk music and psychedelic rock. They used drugs that gave those means to explore alternate state of conscious such as LSD and marijuana. They used the â€Å"crow’s foot† designed by Gerald Holtom in the 1950s that protested against nuclear arms, as a symbol of the antiwar movem ent which by the end of the decade became the international symbol of peace. Their means of transportation was the VW bus, it was big enough to pile many friends and hitchhikers in, and so they could attend protest, concerts, and festivals. These VW buses were always painted with bright colored flowers, peace signs and messages of love or antiwar. With the introduction of birth control in the 60’s, it helped women to explore their sexual liberation. All these events helped pave the way to the three days of peace and love that become known as Woodstock Music and Art Festival an Aquarian Exposition in White Lake, New York. Michael Lang was one of the co-founders, age twenty-five, while in New York to promote a band he was managing, met and quickly become friends with fellow Brooklyn native, Artie Kornfeld. Artie Kornfeld, age twenty-six, was the youngest vice-president of Capital Records. These two self-motivated men had big ideas, one wanted to open a recording studio in Woodstock, New York and the other wanted to have a series of concerts to finance it. The only thing holding them back was neither one had the capital for such events. This is where John Roberts, age twenty-three, an inheritor of a wealthy family-owned business and Joel Rosenman, age twenty-six, whose background was in law, came into play. These two friends had ideas of their own. They wanted to write a television series about two pals with more money than brains, which every week would get into some nutty business ventures. The only problem was they could not think of any plots of their own, so they decided to put an ad in the Wall St reet Journal and in the New York Times that read: Young man with unlimited capital looking for legitimate investing opportunities and business propositions. This ad was to only look for ideas and plots for their television series. However, Lang and Kornfeld saw the ad in Wall Street Journal and though this might be

Philosophy - video response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Philosophy - video response - Essay Example It has also reduced abilities to empathize with different situations boring marginalized institutions in societies reducing  corporation  and the ability to deal with global issues. According to Martha  Nussbaum, there is a distinct difference between the current and earlier education systems. Mainly development oriented focus on technological business, and self development through critical thinking respectively. Through this change, the nature of society has changed. It has become  more  engrossed  on economics and greed arising the many challenges facing societies today such as crime. The world was a much safer place in the  past  educational system where  society  cared more for others than the current one. Hence her vie that  liberal  education be re-embraced through more  focus  on liberal arts and humanities such as  philosophical  studies. Martha  Nussbaum  is of the view that the educational sector has changed into less involving and  character  oriented syllabuses. This I agree to and follow in the fact that the education sector and curriculum needs to be reinvented to include liberal arts and real situations. This would  generate  a population of  smart  and critically thinking  independent  people able

A Review of Literature on How to Manage International Joint Venture

A of on How to Manage International Joint Venture Successfully - Literature review Example An IJV represents a relationship between voluntary cooperative partner companies, in which these companies maintain their independence and objectives. However, in the frame strategic alliances, an antonym of cooperative behavior is opportunistic behavior, the latter being understood as mismatch of expectations and preferences (current or future) of one partner (Michael and Louis, 1989). Key moderating measures of opportunism are increased control over the IJV by members in order to receive a portion of fair income (Feya and Beamishb, 1999). Discussion Among the various models of cooperation, international joint ventures are considered as the preferred mode of entry by firms (Reinier and Maria, 2009). However, the rate of failure of these organizational forms remains high. In addition, the IJVs are known for their fragility and their heterogeneous performance (Reinier and Maria, 2009). Several cases of IJV experience a failure due to the emergence of a conflict between the partners. A mong these cases, we can cite the example of the partnership between the French group Danone and Chinese Wahaha established in the beverage industry (Pothukuchi et al., 2002). The two groups signed an agreement in 1996 to create a joint venture, Wahaha Joint Venture Company, with 51% owned by Danone and 49% owned by the Chinese partner. After nearly a decade of fruitful collaboration, the relationship deteriorated and conflicts erupted in 2006. Indeed, Danone discovered that its partner violated non-competition clauses specified in the contract. The Chinese products are similar to those marketed by Danone. This conflict led the transfer in 2009 of shares in Danone joint entity with its Chinese partner. Studies on international joint ventures have dealt with various topics: the choice of partner, the formation of international joint venture, control mechanisms and inter-firm trust and the performance of the alliance. Some of them are focused on the instability of IJV (Reinier and Mar ia, 2009) and particularly on the determinants that affect the outcome of this relationship. In contrast to our knowledge, a few studies have attempted to introduce management tools that can help enterprises to manage conflicts. In this context, the work of Mjoen and Tallman (2003) proposed a management tool change during the phase of post-merger integration and acquisition. The purpose of this article is to provide the first theoretical approach to educating managers of joint ventures to develop management tools to manage crisis conflicts. These conflicts can occur throughout the formation process of IJV, hence the need to mobilize. Indeed, despite the large number of conflict researches and those on IJV crisis management, few of them are interested in bringing these two issues together (Mjoen and Tallman, 2003). It is in this context that our research will follow the following plan: firstly, this research focuses on the instability and conflict in the IJV and secondly, this resear ch provides the tools of crisis management and discusses how to better manage the conflict within the framework of the partnership relations. The International Joint Ventures and Conflict The Instability of International Joint Ventures The international joint venture is a form of alliance between companies involving creation of a new independent legal structure